charge

The fundamental unit of negative electric charge found in atoms is carried by a subatomic particle. Its quantity is defined relative to the charge of a proton. This standardized value simplifies calculations and comparisons within the realm of atomic and nuclear physics. For instance, when considering the overall charge of an ion, knowing this relative measure is crucial for determining the ion’s valence.

This standardized value is pivotal for understanding electrostatic interactions and chemical bonding. Its adoption has allowed scientists to develop accurate models of atomic structure and predict the behavior of matter at a microscopic level. Early experiments involving cathode rays played a significant role in determining the existence of this fundamental negative charge, ultimately leading to its precise quantification.